Abstracts of IEEE-Papers of

Univ.-Doz. Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Michael Heiss

  • Heiss, M.: Lernen niedrigdimensionaler Kennfelder (German, English). Habilitationsschrift an der Technischen Universität Wien, Mai 1995.
  • Heiss, M.: Online learning or tracking of disrete input-output maps. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 27A(5): 657-668, Sept. 1997.

     

    Online learning or tracking of discrete input-output maps
    - Heiss, M.
    Siemens AG, Wien, Austria
    This paper appears in: Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part A, IEEE Transactions on
    On page(s): 657 - 668
    Sept. 1997
    Volume: 27 Issue: 5
    ISSN: 1083-4427
    References Cited: 38
    CODEN: ITSHFX
    INSPEC Accession Number: 5686460

    Abstract:
    This paper shows how a slowly time-varying nonlinear mapping can be learned, if, for every possible input value, the corresponding estimated output value is stored in memory. This representation form can be called "flash map", or pointwise representation, or look-up table. Thus, very fast access to the mapping is provided. The learning process is performed online during regular operation of the system and must avoid "adaptation holes" which could occur when some of the points are more frequently updated than other points. After analyzing the problems of previous approaches we show how radial basis function networks can be modified for flash maps and present the tent roof tensioning algorithm which is exclusively designed for learning flash maps. The convergence of the tent roof tensioning algorithm is proved. Finally, we compare the two approaches concluding that under the flash map restriction the tent roof tensioning algorithm is the better choice for learning low-dimensional mappings, if a polygonal approximation of the desired mapping is sufficiently smooth.

    Index Terms:
    feedforward neural nets; online learning; discrete input-output maps; time-varying nonlinear mapping; flash map; radial basis function networks; tent roof tensioning algorithm; convergence; nonlinear mappings; polygonal approximation; associative memory; generalisation; interpolation
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  • Heiss, M. : Error-minimizing dead-zone for basis function networks. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, 7(6):1503-1505, 1996.

     

    Error-minimizing dead zone for basis function networks
    - Heiss, M.
    Inst. fur Allgemeine Elektrotechnik Automobilelektronik, Tech. Univ. of Vienna, Austria
    This paper appears in: Neural Networks, IEEE Transactions on
    On page(s): 1503 - 1506
    Nov. 1996
    Volume: 7 Issue: 6
    ISSN: 1045-9227
    References Cited: 14
    CODEN: ITNNEP
    INSPEC Accession Number: 5441376

    Abstract:
    The incorporation of dead zones in the error signal of basis function networks avoids the networks' overtraining and guarantees the convergence of the normalized least mean square (LMS) algorithm and related algorithms. A new so-called error-minimizing dead zone is presented providing the least a posteriori error out of the set of all convergence assuring dead zones. A general convergence proof is developed for LMS algorithms with dead zones, and the error-minimizing dead zone is derived from the resulting convergence condition. The performance is compared with the performance of classical dead zones.

    Index Terms:
    feedforward neural nets; error-minimizing dead zone; basis function networks; error signal; least mean square algorithm; convergence
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  • Hofbauer, A. and Heiss, M.: Divergence effects for online adaptation of membership functions. Intelligent Automation and Soft Computing, 4(1): 39-52, 1998.
  • Heiss, M. and Kampl, S.: Double-Exponential Sigmoidal Functions for Neural Networks. Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik e&i 114(7/8): 360-363, 1997.
  • Heiss, M. and Kampl, S.: Multiplication-free radial basis function network. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, 7(6):1461-1464, November 1996.

     

    Multiplication-free radial basis function network
    - Heiss, M.; Kampl, S.
    Inst. fur Allgemeine Elekrotechnik-Automobilelektronik, Vienna Univ. of Technol., Vienna, Austria
    This paper appears in: Neural Networks, IEEE Transactions on
    On page(s): 1461 - 1464
    Nov. 1996
    Volume: 7 Issue: 6
    ISSN: 1045-9227
    References Cited: 22
    CODEN: ITNNEP
    INSPEC Accession Number: 5441371

    Abstract:
    For the purpose of adaptive function approximation, a new radial basis function network is proposed which is nonlinear in its parameters. The goal is to reduce significantly the computational effort for a serial processor, by avoiding multiplication in both the evaluation of the function model and the computation of the parameter adaptation. The approximation scheme makes use of a grid-based Gaussian basis function network. Due to the local support of digitally implemented Gaussian functions the function representation is parametric local and therefore well suited for an online implementation on a microcomputer. A gradient descent based nonlinear learning algorithm is presented and the convergence of the algorithm is proved.

    Index Terms:
    feedforward neural nets; multiplication-free radial basis function network; adaptive function approximation; computational effort; serial processor; grid-based Gaussian basis function network; digitally implemented Gaussian functions; microcomputer; gradient descent based nonlinear learning algorithm; convergence
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  • Halper, Ch., Heiss, M., and Brasseur, G.: Digital-to-analog conversion by pulse-count modulation methods. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurements, 45(4):805-814, August 1996.

     

    Digital-to-analog conversion by pulse-count modulation methods
    - Halper, C.; Heiss, M.; Brasseur, G.
    Inst. fur Allgemeine Elektrotech. Automobilelektronik, Univ. of Technol., Vienna, Austria
    This paper appears in: Instrumentation and Measurement, IEEE Transactions on
    On page(s): 805 - 814
    Aug. 1996
    Volume: 45 Issue: 4
    ISSN: 0018-9456
    References Cited: 22
    CODEN: IEIMAO
    INSPEC Accession Number: 5338056

    Abstract:
    Three low-cost digital-to-analog converters (DACs) are described and compared. These designs can easily be implemented in an integrated circuit: the conventional pulse-width modulation (PWM) DAC, the new pulse-count modulation (PCM) DAC and the first-order noise shaping (FONS) DAC. All three methods control the ratio of the sum of all pulse durations to the constant total period. As the pulse durations are integral multiples of a unit pulse, all three can be classified as pulse-count modulation methods. Block diagrams of all three DACs consisting of a simple digital circuit and a low-pass filter are presented. For a constant digital input value the worst case ripple of the filter output is used to calculate the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter. Approximations for the 3 dB cutoff frequency of first-order, second-order and fourth-order Butterworth low-pass filters are given. The dynamic properties are analyzed in the time domain (settling time) and in the frequency domain (unfiltered output spectrum of a full-scale sine wave input). The main influences on the static accuracy are analyzed. A case study demonstrates the abilities of PCM and FONS.

    Index Terms:
    digital-analogue conversion; pulse width modulation; pulse circuits; low-pass filters; Butterworth filters; frequency-domain analysis; time-domain analysis; pulse-count modulation; low-cost DAC; pulse-width modulation; PWM; first-order noise shaping; pulse durations; digital circuit; low-pass filter; worst case ripple; cutoff frequency; fourth-order Butterworth low-pass filters; second-order Butterworth low-pass filters; dynamic properties; time domain; settling time; frequency domain; unfiltered output spectrum; full-scale sine wave input; static accuracy; PCM
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  • Heiss, M.: Reinforcement learning or tracking of input-output maps. in Applied Artificial Intelligence, 8(4):483-496, 1994.
  • Heiss, M.: Inverse passive learning of an input-output map through update-spline-smoothing. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 39(2):259-268, February 1994.

     

    Inverse passive learning of an input-output-map through update-spline-smoothing
    - Heiss, M.
    Lab. for Inf. & Decision Syst., MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
    This paper appears in: Automatic Control, IEEE Transactions on
    On page(s): 259 - 268
    Feb. 1994
    Volume: 39 Issue: 2
    ISSN: 0018-9286
    References Cited: 70
    CODEN: IETAA9
    INSPEC Accession Number: 4660567

    Abstract:
    This paper presents a robust method of learning passively a one-dimensional input-output-map when receiving only indirect information about the correct input-output-map (e.g., only the sign of the deviation between the actual estimated output value and the correct output value is obtained). This information is obtained for only one input-output combination per updating cycle. The approach is to increment or decrement step by step the output values of the actually stored map and then to apply global or local cubic spline smoothing in order to avoid "adaptation holes" at points which are never updated or less frequently updated than other points. This method works with noisy measurements as well as slowly time-varying systems. Even discontinuous changes of the desired input-output-relation do not result in instability. Problems of convergence and stability are treated and design rules are given.

    Index Terms:
    learning by example; splines (mathematics); inverse passive learning; input-output-map; update-spline-smoothing; robust method; incrementation; decrementation; cubic spline smoothing; adaptation holes; discontinuous changes; convergence; stability; I/O map
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  • Heiss, M.: Error-detecting unit-distance code. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurements, 39(5):730-734, 1990.

     

    Error-detecting unit-distance code
    - Heiss, M.
    Voest-Alpine-Automotive GmbH, Vienna, Austria
    This paper appears in: Instrumentation and Measurement, IEEE Transactions on
    On page(s): 730 - 734
    Oct. 1990
    Volume: 39 Issue: 5
    ISSN: 0018-9456
    References Cited: 15
    CODEN: IEIMAO
    INSPEC Accession Number: 3781063

    Abstract:
    A particular kind of unit-distance code is proposed. Unit-distance codes are applied especially to absolute encoders (linear or rotary). The various positions of the encoder are represented by the various code words of the code. In contrast to conventional unit-distance codes, this code offers the possibility of detecting all single-bit errors except the two single-bit errors that cause a code word which represents the adjacent position. Unit-distance codes are characterized by a Hamming distance of 1. Thus, Hamming distance is not a unit of measurement for the code's error-detection ability. Therefore, a Hamming distance is defined especially for unit-distance codes excluding the adjacent code words from the calculation of distances. An application shows the utility of the code in the field of instrumentation and measurement.

    Index Terms:
    error detecting code; Gray code; path distance; flash A/D convertor; unit-distance code; absolute encoders; single-bit errors; Hamming distance; instrumentation; measurement; analogue-digital conversion; error detection codes
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  • Heiss, M.: Kennfelder in der Regelungstechnik. Automatisierungstechnik at, 43(8):363-367, 1995.
  • Leichtfried, J. and Heiss, M.: Ein kennfeldorientiertes Konzept f�r Fuzzy-Regler. Automatisierungstechnik at, 43(1):31-40, 1995.
  • Heiss, M., Heiss, D., and Kampl, S.: Lernen linear interpolierter Kennlinien. Automatisierungstechnik at, 42(11):497-506, 1994.
  • Heiss, M.: Pulsanzahlmodulator statt Pulsbreitenmodulator zur Verbesserung der Reglerdynamik. Automatisierungstechnik at, 41(11):428-432, 1993.
  • Heiss, M.: Regressionsparabelfilter und -Differenzierer. Automatisierungstechnik at, 37(12):468-470, 1989.
  • Heiss, M.: Schnelle Berechnung der "closed-loop"-�bertragungsfunktion. Automatisierungstechnik at, 36(12):487-488, 1988.
  • Heiss, M.: Symmetrische Komponenten bei elastischen Begrenzungen. Automatisierungstechnik at, 35(8):334-335, 1987.
  • Hofbauer, A. and Heiss, M.: The origin of spikes during online adaptation of membership functions. International Journal Automation Austria, 4(1):1-14, 1996.
  • Leichtfried, J. and Heiss, M.: Fuzzy-Regler als gl�ttender Regel-Interpolator. International Journal Automation Austria, 3(2):47-61, 1995.
  • Heiss, M.: Basisfunktionsnetzwerke als Grundlage zur Kennfeldinterpretation von neuronalen Netzen und Fuzzy-Reglern. Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik e & i, 112(7/8):345-353, 1995.
  • Heiss, M.: Monotonieerhaltende Gl�ttungsverfahren und Monotonisierung. Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik e & i, 110(5):233-238, 1993.
  • Heiss, M.: L2-optimale St�tzstellen f�r linear interpolierte Kennlinien. Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik e & i, 108(12):555-557, 1991.
  • Heiss, M.: Pseudo-logarithmisches Vergessen von Abtastwerten. Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik e & i, 108(4):149-151, 1991.
  • Heiss, M.: Adaption von Kennlinien in Echtzeit. Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik e & i, 106(10):398-402, 1989.
  • Heiss, M.: Optimal dead-zone characteristic for minimizing the a-posteriori error in basis function networks (invited). In IEEE Conference on Decision on Control (CDC 96), pp. 476-477, Kobe, Japan, 1996.

     

    Optimal dead-zone characteristic for minimizing the a-posterior error in basis function networks
    - Heiss, M.
    Tech. Univ. Wien, Austria
    This paper appears in: Decision and Control, 1996., Proceedings of the 35th IEEE Conference on
    On page(s): 476 - 477 vol.1
    11-13 Dec. 1996
    1996
    Volume: 1
    ISBN: 0-7803-3590-2
    IEEE Catalog Number: 96CH35989
    Number of Pages: 4 vol. 4858
    References Cited: 5
    INSPEC Accession Number: 5520093

    Abstract:
    The incorporation of dead-zones in the error signal of basis function networks avoids the networks' over-training and guarantees the convergence of the normalized LMS-algorithm and related algorithms. A new so-called error-minimizing dead-zone is presented providing the least a-posteriori error out of the set of all convergence assuring dead-zones.

    Index Terms:
    feedforward neural nets; optimal dead-zone characteristic; a-posteriori error minimization; basis function networks; normalized LMS-algorithm convergence; error-minimizing dead-zone; least a-posteriori error; convergence-assuring dead-zones
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  • Heiss, M.: Dead-Zone Adaptation vs. Overtraining Phenomenon for Basis Function Networks (invited). In Proc. of IMACS Symposium on Mathematical Modelling (MATHMOD'97), pp. 757-761, Vienna, 1997.
  • Hofbauer, A. and Heiss, M.: The origin of spikes during online adaptation of membership functions. In Proc. Int. Symp. on Fuzzy Logic (ISFL'95), pp. A10-17, ETH Zurich, May 1995. Academic Press.
  • Kampl, S. and Heiss, M.: Multiplication-free radial basis function network. In American Control Conference (ACC 95), pp. 3782-3785, Seattle, 1995. IEEE.
  • Heiss, M. and Leichtfried, J.: Selflearning fuzzy controller with smooth transfer characteristic and guaranteed convergence. In IEEE Conference on Control Applications (CCA 94), pp. 1251-1256, Glasgow, 1994.

     

    Selflearning fuzzy controller with smooth transfer characteristic and guaranteed convergence
    - Heiss, M.; Leichtfried, J.
    Inst. fur Allgemeine Elektrotech./Automobilelektronik, Wien Univ. of Technol., Austria
    This paper appears in: Control Applications, 1994., Proceedings of the Third IEEE Conference on
    On page(s): 1251 - 1256 vol.2
    24-26 Aug. 1994
    1994
    ISBN: 0-7803-1872-2
    IEEE Catalog Number: 94CH3420-7
    Number of Pages: 3 vol. xlii+1952
    References Cited: 15
    INSPEC Accession Number: 4886203

    Abstract:
    The paper presents a user-friendly way to design a smooth nonlinear control surface. The method can be seen as a fuzzy control design tool, but it can also be seen in the context of neural networks, B-spline basis functions, or simply as a tool for setting up an input-output map. The design process is composed of two steps. First, an expert knowledge is used in a rule based manner to set up the main structure of the control surface. Second, an automatic learning algorithm is used to improve the control surface and to compensate for slowly time varying effects, like the aging of the system. Applications are mentioned and the convergence of the learning algorithm is proved under real world conditions.

    Index Terms:
    fuzzy control; self-adjusting systems; nonlinear control systems; intelligent control; neural nets; convergence; knowledge based systems; control system synthesis; learning systems; self learning fuzzy controller; smooth transfer characteristic; convergence; smooth nonlinear control; neural networks; B-spline basis functions; rule based system; automatic learning algorithm
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  • Heiss, M.: Methods of learning or tracking passively an input-output map without neural networks. In Workshop notes: Real-World Applications of Machine Learning at the European Conference on Machine Learning, pp. 1-14, Wien, 1993.
  • Heiss, M.: Inverse passive learning of an input-output map through update-spline-smoothing. In American Control Conference (ACC 92), pp. 2320-2326, Chicago, 1992. IEEE.
  • Heiss, M.: Sind Regeln eines Fuzzy-Reglers nur St�tzstellen im Ein-Ausgangskennfeld? In Informationstagung Mikroelektronik ME'95, pp. 3-8, Wien, 1995. �VE Schriftenreihe Nr. 8.
  • Heiss, M.: Lernen von Kennfeldern als Ma&szlignahme zur Verringerung der Umweltbelastung. In Informationstagung Mikroelektronik ME'93, pp. 195-201, Wien, 1993. �VE Schriftenreihe Nr. 5.
  • Heiss, M.: Berechnung von Leiterbahn-Induktivit�ten. Elektronik, 37(18):103-104, 1988.
  • Heiss, M.: Instabile Betriebsarten der Pulsbreitenmodulation. Elektronik, 38(20):64-65, 1989.
  • Heiss, M. and Dittrich, W. Pulsanzahlmodulator als D/A-Umsetzer. Elektronik, 38(19):96-98, 1989.
  • Augesky, Ch. and Heiss, M.: Elektronische Gleichf�rmigkeitsregelung bei Dieselfahrzeugen. Elektronikschau, pp. 42-43, Juli 1990.

  •  

    Collaboration maturity and the offshoring cost barrier: the tradeoff between flexibility in team composition and cross-site communication effort in geographically distributed development projects

    Lasser, S.   Heiss, M.  
    Siemens AG, Austria
    This paper appears in: Professional Communication Conference, 2005. IPCC 2005. Proceedings. International
    Publication Date: 10-13 July 2005
    On page(s): 718 - 728
    E-ISBN: 0-7803-9028-8
    Number of Pages: x+839
    ISBN: 0-7803-9027-X
    INSPEC Accession Number:8680629
    Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/IPCC.2005.1494243
    Posted online: 2005-08-15 08:24:47.0

    Abstract
    This paper analyzes how total project costs are split into operative costs and distribution costs. This split depends on the collaboration model being applied and the level of maturity of the collaboration. The lower the collaboration maturity, the more significant the so-called offshoring cost barrier, i.e. the resources and time needed to progress toward more cost-effective forms of collaboration. The low-cost offshoring problem is stated as a cost optimization problem, with customer requirements and internal requirements as boundary conditions. The more degree of freedom is available for project team composition, the better the result will be. The project team composition is always a trade-off between including the best available experts from different sites and the corresponding communication and coordination problems.

     

    Practices and Supporting Structures for Mature Inquiry Culture in Distributed Software Development Projects

    Mikulovic, V.   Heiss, M.   Herbsleb, J.D.  
    Program & Syst. Eng., Siemens AG Austria, Vienna
    This paper appears in: Global Software Engineering, 2006. ICGSE '06. International Conference on
    Publication Date: Oct. 2006
    On page(s): 245 - 246
    Number of Pages: 245 - 246
    Location: Florianopolis
    ISBN: 0-7695-2663-2
    Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/ICGSE.2006.261242
    Posted online: 2006-12-19 09:37:20.0

    Abstract
    As software specifications for complex systems are practically never entirely complete and consistent, the recipient of the specification needs domain knowledge in order to decide which parts of the system are specified clearly and which parts are specified ambiguously and thus need inquiry to get a more detailed specification. By analyzing the evidence gained in multiple-case study, the necessary components for achieving a mature inquiry culture in distributed software development derived from the practices at Siemens Program and System Engineering (PSE) are identified. These components are presented in three categories-pillars: project communication, requirements communication and inquiry practices

    The bottom-up/top-down pattern: an organizational pattern for a balanced management system

    Heiss, M.   Stoeckl, S.   Hausknotz, C.  
    Dept. of Innovation & Technol. Manage., Siemens Program & Syst. Eng. PSE, Vienna, Austria
    This paper appears in: Engineering Management Conference, 2004. Proceedings. 2004 IEEE International
    Publication Date: 18-21 Oct. 2004
    Volume: 1
    On page(s): 317 - 323 Vol.1
    Number of Pages: 3 vol. (xix+1352)
    ISSN:
    ISBN: 0-7803-8519-5
    INSPEC Accession Number:8331184
    Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/IEMC.2004.1407127
    Posted online: 2005-04-04 09:25:41.0

    Abstract
    A balanced management system requires a balanced composition of bottom-up and top-down activities. The larger the company/division/organization is, the less manageable and the less effective is an unstructured interaction of bottom-up and top-down activities. The bottom-up/top-down interaction usually is hierarchically structured, lacking in interaction between different business units and therefore lacking in synergy. The paper proposes the concept of management components as a topic-based structure of bottom-up/top-down interaction. The concept is presented in form of an organizational pattern. The pattern is called bottom-up/top-down pattern. Further on in this paper, a short case study shows how this concept is implemented at Siemens program and system engineering PSE, a 5000 engineers R&D division of the Siemens AG.

    Distributed face-to-face communication in bottom-up driven technology management-a model for optimizing communication topologies

    Kubasa, G.   Heiss, M.  
    Siemens AG Austria, Vienna, Austria
    This paper appears in: Engineering Management Conference, 2002. IEMC '02. 2002 IEEE International
    Publication Date: 2002
    Volume: 1
    On page(s): 234 - 238 vol.1
    Number of Pages: 2 vol.xx+935
    ISSN:
    ISBN: 0-7803-7385-5
    INSPEC Accession Number:7529208
    Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/IEMC.2002.1038426
    Posted online: 2003-07-09 09:46:56.0

    Abstract
    Understanding the communication process in software development organizations has been recognized as the key element to improve the development performance. The paper analyses how different communication topologies-who talks directly to whom and who is informed only via third persons-result in different communication costs and different communication efficiencies. The paper presents a simple cost and efficiency model for face-to-face communication. Based on this model and based on a desired communication benchmark, we are able to compute the optimal communication topology by minimizing the cost/efficiency ratio. The goal is to apply the model for optimizing the knowledge transfer within the knowledge networks at Siemens PSE. These geographically distributed knowledge networks are the key ingredients representing the bottom up component of the technology management process at Siemens PSE.

    The technology tree concept-an evolutionary approach to technology management in a rapidly changing market

    Heiss, M.   Jankowsky, J.  
    This paper appears in: Change Management and the New Industrial Revolution, 2001. IEMC '01 Proceedings.
    Publication Date: 7-9 Oct. 2001
    On page(s): 37 - 43
    Number of Pages: x+461
    Meeting Date: 10/07/2001 - 10/09/2001
    Location: Albany, NY
    ISBN: 0-7803-7260-3
    INSPEC Accession Number:7176214
    Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/IEMC.2001.960477
    Posted online: 2002-08-07 00:34:11.0

    Abstract
    Technological knowledge is changing very rapidly, especially in the information and communication business. Due to the natural limited knowledge processing capacity of management, classical top-down driven technology management approaches have reached their limits. This paper presents a bottom-up driven technology management concept, the so-called technology tree concept, which is capable of integrating the capacity of all engineers into its technology management process. It represents an open process allowing all engineers the possibility of initiating their own knowledge network for a promising technology of their own choice. Driven by the evolutionary process-survival of the fittest-some of these technology networks develop into strong business branches, others die off and many remain on a ready-to-start-level without stranded investments up to that point. As soon as the market is ready, the corresponding network is able to quickly expand and apply its technology. Further on in this paper, an example shows how the concept is implemented at an R&D division of Siemens AG Austria, having 5000 engineers. The technology tree concept is a driving force for cultural changes towards knowledge sharing, cooperating across the borders of business units, and opening top-down bottlenecks

and others

Aktualisiert : 29.12.2007 
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